ROLE OF L1 IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION: TO USE OR NOT TO USE
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The role of the first language (L1) in foreign language (FL) instruction has long been debated among linguists, educators, and language learners. While some scholars advocate for exclusive use of the target language (TL) to create immersive environments, others argue that judicious use of L1 can support comprehension, reduce anxiety, and enhance metalinguistic awareness. This article investigates the advantages and limitations of incorporating L1 in foreign language classrooms. Based on literature review and teacher perspectives, the study finds that selective and purposeful use of L1 – particularly for grammar explanations, vocabulary clarification, and classroom management – can positively influence language acquisition when balanced with ample TL exposure.
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