PROCESSING OF TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH NATURAL ANTIBACTERIAL SUBSTANCES
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Abstract
This article analyzes the changes in the coloristic parameters of cotton fabric treated with natural antibacterial substances and evaluates its resistance to harmful bacteria and fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. In the study, in order to reduce the negative environmental impact of conventional chemical finishes, environmentally friendly, biodegradable natural antibacterial agents coloring extracts derived from local plants such as Crocus sativus and Juniperus spp. were used as alternatives. To ensure the firm fixation of natural antibacterial substances on the fiber, a polyvalent metal salt, CuSO₄, was employed as a mordant. In addition, the samples were treated with Zingiber (ginger) to enhance their antibacterial properties.
As a result of the conducted experiments, various color shades resistant to aqueous treatments were obtained without negatively affecting the physical and mechanical properties of cotton fabric. Furthermore, a new resource-saving technology and coloring compositions were developed. The color intensity of the obtained samples was determined.
For the samples treated with Crocus sativus, it was found that the addition of Zingiber increased the color intensity by 18.36 %, CuSO₄ by 28.57 %, and the combination of CuSO₄ and Zingiber by 38.46 %. In the samples treated with Juniperus spp., the color intensity increased by 8.16% with Zingiber, by 25 % with CuSO₄, and by 35.71 % when CuSO₄ and Zingiber were used together.
The treated samples demonstrated moderate to good antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans.
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