THE CONCEPT OF HAPPINESS IN EASTERN AND WESTERN CULTURES: A COMPARATIVE COGNITIVE AND LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
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Abstract
This study aims to comparatively analyze how the concept of happiness is understood by representatives of Western (USA) and Eastern (Japan, Uzbekistan) cultures. It utilizes data from social surveys conducted by Y. Uchida and Sh. Kitayama, as well as information from "The Meaning of Happiness" word association project. The article examines the shift in happiness from the Western focus on personal achievement to the Eastern emphasis on social harmony, and investigates how macro-cultural dimensions (Individualism/Collectivism) and demographic factors (age, gender, social status) fundamentally influence its linguistic and cognitive expression.
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1.Uchida Y., Kitayama Sh. Happiness and Unhappiness in East and West: Themes and Variations. – American Psychological Association, Emotion ©, Vol. 9, No. 4, 2009. – P. 441.
2.Uchida Y. A holistic view of happiness: belief in the negative side of happiness is more prevalent in Japan than in the United States. – Psychologia, 53, 2010. – P. 236.
3.The Tracking Happiness team. The Meaning Of Happiness: Word Association Study Shows How People Describe Happiness.
4.// https://www.trackinghappiness.com/word-association-study/
5.The Tracking Happiness team. Cited source.