THE BASIC UNIT OF SENTENCE SYNTAX

Abstract

This scientific research analyzes the sentence, which is the fundamental unit of syntax, and its predicative nature. The sentence serves as the primary means of expressing and conveying human thought, holding a significant place in the language system due to its communicative function. Predicativity, an inseparable grammatical feature of the sentence, manifests through categories such as person, number, tense, mood, and affirmation-negation. The article examines two approaches to predicativity: logical and grammatical perspectives. Predicativity is considered to be formed solely through the subject-predicate relationship and is viewed as the grammatical content of the entire sentence. Additionally, the article distinguishes between the concepts of sentence models and utterances, analyzing the sentence as a general grammatical unit and the utterance as a communicative unit realized in speech. While sentence models are limited, the forms of utterances can appear in infinite variations in speech, as proven by linguistic theories.