GENETIC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN CRIME SCENE IDENTIFICATION: TERMINOLOGY AND METHODS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Authors

  • Kurbanova Munisa Akbaraliyevna Senior Researcher, Scientific-Practical Research Center, University of Public Security, Uzbekistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55640/

Keywords:

forensic genetics; DNA profiling; STR analysis; genetic databases; crime scene investigation; bioinformatics; forensic genomics

Abstract

This study explores the use of genetic information technologies in the identification of crime scenes and criminal suspects, with particular attention to terminology, analytical methods, and institutional practices in developed countries. With the rapid advancement of forensic genomics, DNA-based technologies have become central to modern criminal investigations. Countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan have implemented comprehensive DNA databases and standardized forensic procedures to improve crime detection accuracy.

The research adopts a comparative-analytical approach, examining key forensic genetic terms, laboratory methodologies, and national DNA database systems. Special emphasis is placed on Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis, mitochondrial DNA profiling, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), and forensic genetic genealogy. The study also analyzes the role of national DNA indexing systems such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s CODIS program and the National DNA Database in the United Kingdom.

The findings indicate that developed countries rely on standardized genetic terminology, strict chain-of-custody procedures, and advanced bioinformatics tools to ensure reliability and legal admissibility of DNA evidence. While genetic technologies significantly enhance investigative efficiency, ethical considerations regarding privacy, data protection, and proportional use remain central concerns. The study concludes that integrating advanced genetic technologies with legal safeguards provides a balanced model for effective crime scene identification.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1.Butler, J. M. (2015). Advanced topics in forensic DNA typing: Interpretation. Academic Press.

2.Butler, J. M. (2020). Fundamentals of forensic DNA typing (2nd ed.). Academic Press.

3.Gill, P., Brenner, C., Brinkmann, B., Budowle, B., Carracedo, Á., Jobling, M. A., ... & Schneider, P. M. (2006). DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics: Recommendations on the interpretation of mixtures. Forensic Science International, 160(2–3), 90–101.

4.Jobling, M. A., Gill, P., & Pandya, A. (2013). Forensic DNA: Biology, technology, and genetics of STR markers (2nd ed.). Garland Science.

5.Kayser, M., & de Knijff, P. (2011). Improving human forensics through advances in genetics, genomics, and molecular biology. Nature Reviews Genetics, 12(3), 179–192.

6.National Research Council. (2009). Strengthening forensic science in the United States: A path forward. The National Academies Press.

7.Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2023). Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and National DNA Index System (NDIS) fact sheet. U.S. Department of Justice.

8.National DNA Database. (2022). National DNA Database annual report. Home Office, United Kingdom.

9.Schneider, P. M., Prainsack, B., & Kayser, M. (2019). The use of forensic DNA phenotyping in predicting appearance and ancestry. Forensic Science International: Genetics, 42, 192–199.

10.Syndercombe Court, D. (Ed.). (2018). Forensic genetics: Fundamentals and applications (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.

11.Tautz, D., & Renz, M. (1984). Simple sequences are ubiquitous repetitive components of eukaryotic genomes. Nucleic Acids Research, 12(10), 4127–4138.

12.Wallace, D. C. (1995). Mitochondrial DNA variation in human evolution and disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 92(19), 8739–8746.

13.Williams, R., Johnson, P., & Martin, P. (2019). Genetic databases and the future of criminal investigation. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, 20, 505–529.

14.Wilson, M. R., DiZinno, J. A., Polanskey, D., Replogle, J., & Budowle, B. (1995). Validation of mitochondrial DNA sequencing for forensic casework analysis. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 108(2), 68–74.

15.Wickenheiser, R. A. (2019). The business of forensic science: New technologies and automation in DNA laboratories. Forensic Science International, 301, 336–344.

Downloads

Published

2026-03-08

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 03 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Innovations

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are disseminated under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which licenses unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is appropriately cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.

How to Cite

GENETIC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN CRIME SCENE IDENTIFICATION: TERMINOLOGY AND METHODS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. (2026). Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Innovations, 5(03), 136-143. https://doi.org/10.55640/

Similar Articles

1-10 of 1703

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.