THE IMPACT OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on reproductive health. PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, with prevalence ranging from 6% to 20% depending on diagnostic criteria. The study examines the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and reproductive consequences of PCOS, including menstrual irregularities, anovulation, infertility, pregnancy complications, and long-term metabolic sequelae. A cross-sectional study of 320 women with PCOS was conducted, utilizing Rotterdam diagnostic criteria, comprehensive hormonal profiling, metabolic assessment, and fertility evaluation. Results demonstrate that 85% of PCOS patients experienced menstrual irregularities, 72% had ovulatory dysfunction, and 40% presented with infertility. Insulin resistance was present in 65% of cases, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were significantly elevated (8.4 ± 3.2 ng/mL vs 2.8 ± 1.1 ng/mL in controls, p<0.001). The discussion emphasizes the multifactorial etiology involving genetic, hormonal, and metabolic factors, and evaluates contemporary management strategies including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and assisted reproductive technologies.