SOCIAL FORMS OF SPEECH ETIQUETTE AND THEIR REGULARITIES

Abstract

 The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the social forms of speech etiquette as a multilayered communicative system that regulates speech behavior depending on status, age, role position, cultural affiliation, the degree of formality of the situation, and social expectations. Special attention is given to the multifactorial nature of speech etiquette, which includes linguistic, sociological, cultural, psychological, and pragmatic aspects. Key etiquette situations (greeting, leave-taking, address, request, gratitude, apology, congratulation, wish, sympathy) and their social functions are analyzed. A comparison is made between Russian, English, and Uzbek speech etiquette as three distinct models reflecting different systems of cultural values: emotional-status oriented, neutral-distance oriented, and hierarchical-collectivist. It is argued that the social forms of speech etiquette constitute an integral component of a society’s social structure and serve as a tool for maintaining harmony, distributing social roles, and regulating interpersonal distance.