FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN ADOLESCENCE AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIAL ADAPTATION

Abstract

This article examines the development of emotional intelligence during adolescence and its crucial role in the process of social adaptation. Emotional intelligence, understood as the ability to perceive, understand, and manage emotions, becomes especially significant during the adolescent years when individuals face rapid biological, psychological, and social transformations. The paper analyzes the cognitive, emotional, environmental, familial, and cultural factors influencing emotional intelligence formation, and explains how emotional competence affects adolescents’ interpersonal communication, conflict resolution, academic performance, psychological well-being, and resilience. Key determinants such as parenting style, school climate, peer relationships, digital media, and socio-cultural expectations are explored in depth. The findings suggest that adolescents with higher emotional intelligence adapt more effectively to social norms, maintain healthier relationships, and demonstrate stronger psychological stability. Practical recommendations for parents, teachers, and psychologists are provided.