ALLERGIC REACTIONS RELATED TO DENTAL PROSTHESES DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Abstract

This article examines the nature, diagnosis, and treatment of allergic reactions associated with dental prostheses, focusing on both clinical manifestations and effective therapeutic strategies. Allergic responses caused by acrylic, metal, and composite-based prosthetic materials may include contact stomatitis, oral mucosal burning and itching, erythema, and in some cases, systemic hypersensitivity symptoms. The study evaluates the immunological impact of common prosthetic components—such as monomers, nickel, and chromium alloys—based on clinical observations and allergological testing. Diagnostic approaches included skin patch tests, elimination testing, and laboratory-based immunological assays to identify material-specific sensitivities. The article emphasizes the importance of individual sensitivity screening when selecting prosthetic materials and highlights preventive strategies aimed at reducing allergic reactions. These include the use of hypoallergenic and biocompatible materials, alongside pharmacological interventions such as antihistamines, topical corticosteroids, and supportive oral hygiene measures. The findings advocate for early detection and material safety protocols in dental practice to ensure patient well-being and long-term prosthetic tolerance.