RESTORATION OF OVULATION IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: CURRENT APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age and represents the leading cause of anovulatory infertility worldwide. Ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS results from complex interactions among hormonal, metabolic, genetic, and environmental factors. Hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and disturbances of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis contribute to impaired folliculogenesis and chronic anovulation. Recent advances in reproductive endocrinology have led to significant changes in the management of infertility associated with PCOS, emphasizing individualized treatment strategies. The present review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS and discusses evidence-based approaches to ovulation restoration, including lifestyle modification, pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, and assisted reproductive technologies.