ADVANTAGES OF THE METHOD OF IMMOBILIZATION OF BONE FRAGMENTS IN MANDIBULAR FRACTURES USING ORTHODONTIC MINI-IMPLANTS.

Abstract

Despite the use of the latest medical achievements in the development of effective treatment methods and various methods of fixation of bone fragments in jaw fractures, the incidence of early (abscesses, osteophlegmon) and late (osteomyelitis, gingivitis, etc.) complications of an inflammatory nature remains high. The search for new effective treatment methods that prevent the development of post-traumatic complications is one of the urgent problems in dentistry. There is a growing interest in non-medicinal treatments in maxillofacial surgery. An example of this is physiotherapy treatment, which is widely used to reduce pain, accelerate the resorption of edema and tissue infiltration, and improve blood supply to the fracture area [Rakhimov Z.K., Kabanova A.A., Kabanova S.A., 2022].

Along with traditional methods of treating jaw fractures, intermaxillary fixation using orthodontic mini-implants has recently been used, which greatly simplifies immobilization and facilitates hygienic procedures for the patient. In particular, for jaw fractures, cortical fixing screws (CFS) made of pure titanium are used. CPF for jaw immobilization, connecting fragments and restoring occlusion is an effective method due to direct force action on bone tissue, while immobilization with dental orthopedic structures is an indirect method of force action; first, an effect is formed on the tooth tissue, then on the root of the tooth, then on the ligamentous apparatus of the tooth root and through it on the bone tissue of the jaw, which leads to negative side effects. Maxillo-mandibular fixation with intraoral cortical fixing screws does not have a damaging effect on the periodontium and teeth, improves the process of eating, and makes the oral cavity accessible to ensure proper hygiene [T.G. Robustova, A.Z. Shalumov, O.V. Levchenko, 2010].