OPTIC NERVE ATROPHY: CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS AND REHABILITATION
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Abstract
Optic nerve atrophy (ONA) is the end-stage manifestation of various ocular and systemic disorders that lead to irreversible loss of retinal ganglion cells and axons. Clinically, it presents as permanent reduction of visual acuity, color vision defects, and visual field loss. Early recognition of precipitating factors remains essential to prevent progression. This review summarizes the major etiologies, diagnostic approaches, and emerging rehabilitation strategies in patients with optic nerve atrophy.
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