MODERN CONCEPT OF ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK: MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT AND PATHOGENETICALLY BASED TREATMENT METHODS.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/Keywords:
anaphylactic shock, anaphylaxis, pathogenesis, IgE, mast cells, histamine, adrenaline, epinephrine, pathogenetic treatment.Abstract
Anaphylactic shock is a life-threatening systemic allergic reaction resulting from IgE-mediated immunological reactions, direct degranulation of tissue mast cells and basophils, or non-immunological mechanisms (pseudoallergy). The aim of this article is to analyze the modern pathophysiological concept of anaphylaxis and the pathogenetic treatment strategies based on it. Alongside the classic IgE-dependent model of anaphylaxis, the importance of IgE-independent mechanisms (e.g., activation via IgG, effects of immune complexes, direct activation of tissue mast cell receptors) is highlighted. Furthermore, the clinical significance of delayed processes, such as the synthesis of inflammatory mediators resulting from the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), JNK kinases, and other signaling pathways, is examined.
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