JADIDISM IN TURKESTAN: AN ENLIGHTENMENT-BASED NATIONAL AWAKENING UNDER COLONIAL RULE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/Keywords:
Jadidism, Turkestan, enlightenment movement, colonialism, national awakening, education reformAbstract
. This article examines the emergence, development, and ideological essence of the Jadid movement in Turkestan within the context of Russian colonial domination. It argues that Jadidism should be understood not merely as an educational reform initiative but as a comprehensive enlightenment-based national awakening aimed at overcoming social, cultural, and political stagnation. Drawing on historical and theoretical analysis, the study highlights the Jadids’ commitment to peaceful reform through education, press, and cultural transformation, distinguishing their approach from armed resistance movements such as the Basmachi movement. The article further challenges Soviet-era interpretations that conflated Jadidism with violent opposition, demonstrating instead that Jadid ideology was rooted in humanism, intellectual renewal, and long-term national emancipation. By reassessing the historical role of Jadidism, the study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of early twentieth-century reformist thought in Central Asia.
References
1.Allworth, E. A. (1964). Central Asia: A century of Russian rule. Columbia University Press.
2.Allworth, E. A. (1990). The modern Uzbeks: From the fourteenth century to the present. Hoover Institution Press.
3.Gasprinskii, I. (1881). Russkoe musulʹmanstvo [Russian Islam]. Tipografia A. A. Levensona.
4.Khalid, A. (1998). The politics of Muslim cultural reform: Jadidism in Central Asia. University of California Press.
5.Khalid, A. (2014). Education, enlightenment, and reform in Central Asia. Central Asian Survey, 33(3), 251–267.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02634937.2014.915657
6.Khalid, A. (2015). Jadidism and the origins of modern reformism in Central Asia. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 58(1–2), 1–23.
https://doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341373
7.Qosimov, B. (2004). Jadidchilik harakati va uning ijtimoiy-madaniy mohiyati [The Jadid movement and its socio-cultural essence]. Fan.
8.Qosimov, B. (2011). Jadid adabiyoti va milliy uyg‘onish masalalari. O‘zbek tili va adabiyoti, 4, 3–15.
9.Shamsutdinov, R. (2015). Jadid ma’rifatparvarlik harakatining g‘oyaviy asoslari [Ideological foundations of the Jadid enlightenment movement]. Tashkent: Sharq.
10.Убайдуллаев, У. (2024). Джадид Султан Сайдалин – жертва репрессии. Общество и инновации, 5(10/S), 377–388. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol5-iss10/S-pp377-388
11.Убайдуллаев, У. (2025). Репрессированные по обвинению в принадлежности к «сторонникам Газиза Яушева». Общество и инновации, 6(11/S), 453–458. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol6-iss11/S-pp453-458
12.Убайдуллаев, У. (2023). Репрессии национальных деятелей в Узбекистане. Общество и инновации, 4(9/S), 128–143. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss9/S-pp128-143
13.Убайдуллаев, У. (2023). Печальная судьба прокурора Шамситдина Бадриддинова и группы «бадридиновчилик». Общество и инновации, 4(6), 71–79. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss6-pp71-79
14.Убайдуллаев, У. (2024). Джадид Султан Сайдалин – жертва репрессии. Общество и инновации, 5(10/S), 377–388. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol5-iss10/S-pp377-388
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are disseminated under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which licenses unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is appropriately cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.
