MODERN STRATEGIES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS: ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS, CROSS-COUPLING, MULTICOMPONENT REACTIONS, AND GREEN CHEMISTRY METRICS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/Keywords:
organic synthesis, asymmetric catalysis, organocatalysis, enantioselectivity, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, olefin metathesis, multicomponent reactions, Biginelli reaction, green chemistry, atom economy, E-factor, continuous flow, retrosynthesis, pharmaceutical synthesisAbstract
Organic synthesis underpins the discovery and production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials. The field has undergone a paradigm shift from stoichiometric reagent-based methods toward catalytic, atom-economical, and enantioselective strategies. The development of asymmetric organocatalysis, palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling, olefin metathesis, multicomponent reactions, and continuous flow processing has collectively reduced waste, improved selectivity, and enabled the construction of molecular complexity previously inaccessible.
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