INTERPRETATION OF METAPHOR THROUGH AUTHORS’ NARRATOLOGICAL STRATEGIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN THE WORKS OF IVAN TURGENEV AND IVAN BUNIN

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of metaphor in the artistic prose of Ivan Turgenev and Ivan Bunin, considered not as an isolated expressive device but as a key component of the narratological structure of the text. The focus is on the ways in which metaphor determines the narrator’s point of view, shapes composition, and organizes the emotional and philosophical space. The article demonstrates that in Turgenev’s prose, metaphor is closely connected with lyrical modality and the gentle assimilation of nature and human experience, whereas in Bunin’s works it becomes a condensed unit of meaning, a carrier of philosophical concentration and a tragic worldview. The comparative analysis shows that metaphor in their works performs a structure-forming function, reflecting the principles of authorial poetics and models of world perception. The aim of this article is to identify the features of metaphor interpretation within the context of the narratological strategies of both authors, to determine the functions of metaphor in the structure of the text, and to demonstrate how differences in narrative organization shape the specificity of the writers’ metaphorical thinking.