RISK FACTORS OF UROLITHIASIS: A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY

Abstract

Introduction; Urolithiasis, widely known as kidney stones, represents an important health challenge across the globe. It occurs when mineral and salt crystals accumulate and harden within the urinary system. These stones may trigger severe pain, infections, and various complications, resulting in notable morbidity and increased healthcare expenses. The global incidence of kidney stone disease is steadily rising, influenced by dietary patterns, climatic conditions, and underlying metabolic issues.

Objective: The primary aim of this study is to examine the dietary and lifestyle factors associated with stone formation in patients diagnosed with kidney stones at a tertiary hospital .

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 30 patients admitted for the management of urolithiasis. The lifestyle habits and dietary practices of these patients were assessed to identify potential risk factors contributing to stone formation.

Result:In our study, half of the participants were above 50 years of age, and the majority (68.3%) were male. About 33.3% of the patients had a history of urinary tract infection, and 70% reported consuming a high-protein diet.

Ultrasound findings showed that 33.3% had stones located in the right ureter. Regarding pain management, 13.3% had not taken any treatment, while 56.7% relied on medication for symptom relief.

Conclusion:The results show that a significant number of participants experienced UTIs, affecting nearly one-third of the group. A large proportion also consumed protein-rich foods regularly. These observations point toward a possible association between diet and urinary health, emphasizing the importance of greater awareness and focused health education to encourage balanced eating habits and reduce the risk of UTIs.