ORAL MUCOSA
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Abstract
The oral mucosa is a complex structure that serves as the body's first line of defense, protecting against mechanical, chemical, and microbiological damaging factors, participating in immune processes, and performing sensory functions. Its morphofunctional state is one of the important indicators of the body's overall health. The study results revealed a clear structural relationship between the stratified squamous epithelium of the normal mucosa and the underlying connective tissue (lamina propria). In pathological processes, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and dystrophic changes in the epithelium were observed, along with inflammatory infiltration and disruption of the microvascular network in the lamina propria. The condition of the oral mucosa indicates its high sensitivity to internal and external influencing factors. The obtained data show that histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the mucosa is crucial for the early diagnosis of chronic oral diseases and for a deeper understanding of their pathogenesis. This enables the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies.
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