CONCURRENT COURSE OF HIV INFECTION WITH OPPORTUNISTIC DISEASES
Abstract
HIV infection (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) remains one of the most pressing global health challenges. Despite significant advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) and preventive strategies, HIV continues to predispose individuals to a wide range of opportunistic infections (OIs). These opportunistic diseases dramatically affect the morbidity and mortality of people living with HIV (PLHIV). In many low- and middle-income countries, limited access to comprehensive care and late diagnosis often exacerbate the burden of opportunistic infections [1]. Understanding the clinical, epidemiological, and immunological aspects of opportunistic diseases, alongside ensuring effective treatment and prevention of HIV, is critical for reducing related complications, improving patients’ quality of life, and achieving the global goals for HIV/AIDS control [2].
Keywords
HIV infection, Opportunistic infections (OIs), Antiretroviral therapy (ART), Immune suppression, Tuberculosis (TB), Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), Cryptococcal meningitis, Clinical managementHow to Cite
References
1.World Health Organization (WHO). Guidelines for Managing Advanced HIV Disease and Rapid Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy. Geneva: WHO; 2022.
2.UNAIDS. Global HIV & AIDS Statistics — Fact Sheet. UNAIDS; 2023.
3.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents. 2022.
4.Lawn SD, Zumla AI. Tuberculosis. Lancet. 2011;378(9785):57–72.
5.Dyer JR, French MA, Nakata K, et al. Immunological and virological effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy on cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. AIDS. 1998;12(9):1167–1174.
6.Park BJ, Wannemuehler KA, Marston BJ, Govender N, Pappas PG, Chiller TM. Estimation of the Current Global Burden of Cryptococcal Meningitis Among Persons Living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS. 2009;23(4):525–530.
7.Eholié SP, Aoussi EF, Ehui E, et al. Treatment of Tuberculosis in HIV-infected Patients: Practical Guidelines. Med Mal Infect. 2014;44(3):133–143.
8.CDC. USPHS/IDSA Guidelines for the Prevention of Opportunistic Infections in Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021.
9.Sharifjonovich, A.N.M., 2023. CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DRUG VIFERON IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION. Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 10(11), pp.302-304.
10.Marufjon, Kamoldinov. "MEASLES IN CHILDREN, ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION." Web of Medicine: Journal of Medicine, Practice and Nursing 2, no. 4 (2024): 131-135.
11.Камолдинов, М.М. and Гаффаров, Х.А., 2022. Распространённость инфекций HCV в различных группах детей и взрослых. Экономика и социум, (1-1 (92)), pp.464-467.
12.Джураев, М.Г., 2024, October. ТЕЧЕНИЕ КАНДИДОЗНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ ГЕНИТАЛИЙ У ВИЧ ИНФЕКЦИРОВАННЫХ БОЛЬНЫХ. In Russian-Uzbekistan Conference (Vol. 1, No. 1).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are disseminated under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which licenses unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is appropriately cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.
