PRESENT INSIGHTS INTO THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF MASTOPATHIES

Authors

  • Tilavov Tolibjon Bakhtiyor ugli Asia International University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55640/

Keywords:

Mastopathy; fibrocystic breast disease; hormonal imbalance; prolactin; estradiol; progesterone; FSH receptor; estrogen receptor; autoimmunity; fibrosis; pathogenesis

Abstract

 Mastopathy, also known as fibrocystic breast disease, is one of the most prevalent benign breast disorders in women of reproductive age. Despite its frequency, the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes contemporary literature on the causes and mechanisms underlying mastopathy. Hormonal imbalance, particularly an elevated estradiol-to-progesterone ratio and increased prolactin activity, emerges as a central factor in disease development. Genetic predispositions, including polymorphisms in FSH receptor and estrogen receptor genes, are associated with higher susceptibility. Immune-mediated mechanisms, highlighted by lymphocytic infiltration, myofibroblast activation, and autoimmune links in diabetic mastopathy, further contribute to disease progression. Structural alterations in breast tissue, such as epithelial and stromal proliferation with fibrosis, are driven by hormonal and immunologic factors. Lifestyle and reproductive history also play modifying roles. Collectively, current evidence supports a multifactorial model of mastopathy involving endocrine, genetic, immunologic, and environmental influences. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is critical for advancing diagnostic accuracy and developing more effective, targeted therapeutic strategies.

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Published

2026-02-27

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Innovations

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Articles

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Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are disseminated under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which licenses unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is appropriately cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.

How to Cite

PRESENT INSIGHTS INTO THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF MASTOPATHIES. (2026). Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Innovations, 5(02), 2359-2369. https://doi.org/10.55640/

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