THE ROLE OF IRAN IN AFGHANISTAN’S POLITICAL SETTLEMENT AND REGIONAL SECURITY
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Abstract
Analysis of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s foreign policy toward Afghanistan and its strategic approach to the “Afghan direction.” Iran views Afghanistan not only as a neighboring state but also as a key component of its regional security and political stability strategy. The text highlights Iran’s main interests, including counterbalancing Saudi Arabia’s influence, maintaining ties with Tajik and Hazara communities, expanding trade and economic cooperation, resolving the Helmand River water allocation dispute, addressing the refugee issue, combating narcotics trafficking, and strengthening border security. It also discusses Iran’s opposition to U.S. military bases in Afghanistan, its involvement in shaping Afghanistan’s post-Taliban political order (notably through the 2001 Bonn Conference), its financial and infrastructural support, and its participation in bilateral, trilateral, and multilateral initiatives. The analysis underscores that Iran’s policy toward Afghanistan is multifaceted, combining assistance with political and economic pressure. The future of Iran–Afghanistan relations will largely depend on Afghanistan’s military-political situation, particularly the duration of foreign military presence.
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