IMPACT OF PREMATURE BIRTH ON NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES IN INFANTS
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Premature birth, defined as delivery before 37 completed weeks of gestation, is a significant risk factor for long-term neurodevelopmental impairments in infants. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of prematurity on cognitive, motor, language, and socio-emotional outcomes. A cohort of preterm infants was assessed using standardized neurodevelopmental tools at corrected ages of 6, 12, and 24 months. Results indicated that lower gestational age and birth weight were associated with greater deficits across all domains. Perinatal complications, including intraventricular hemorrhage and prolonged mechanical ventilation, further exacerbated developmental delays. Early identification of at-risk infants allows timely interventions, such as physical, occupational, and speech-language therapies, which can improve functional outcomes. These findings highlight the critical need for comprehensive follow-up programs and individualized support strategies to optimize neurodevelopment in preterm populations
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